When an AI agent reads your inbox, pushes to your repository or buys something on a website, whose identity does it present? There are two answers in the market. Either the agent gets a principal of its own, an account, an app identity, a workload identity, a bot user or a token issued to it, or it borrows yours: your OAuth grant, your session cookie, your API key. The two designs revoke differently, log differently and fail differently, and most product pages do not say which one you are getting.
This census answers that question for 20 agents and platforms from Google, Microsoft, AWS, OpenAI, Anthropic, GitHub, Cloudflare, Slack and Cursor on those vendors' own documentation, and one more, Perplexity's Comet, on a federal appellate opinion. The seed was Google's CC, which on September 17, 2026 became an agent for families running under its own verified Google Account; it is the clearest example of the own-account pattern and a useful contrast with the assistants most people already use. Eleven rows act as themselves. Nine act as you. This blog runs on Anthropic's models, and Anthropic's products appear as rows on the same terms as everyone else's.
- 0111 of 20 give the agent its own principal; 9 reuse your login.Platforms built for enterprise agents (Google Cloud, Entra, AgentCore, Copilot Studio, Cloudflare, Slack bots) issue the agent an identity. Consumer and developer assistants (ChatGPT connectors and agent mode, Claude connectors, Claude Code, Claude in Chrome, Codex cloud, Cursor, Workspace Gemini, Comet) act on your credentials.
- 02A borrowed login is revoked by logging you out.OpenAI's documentation says app permissions do not grant new access and that agent-mode cookies persist across sessions. The reach is whatever you already had, and the revocation path is yours: sign out, clear cookies, disconnect.
- 03An own-account agent can be scoped, but the lifecycle is yours to run.Google warns that deleting an agent does not remove the IAM bindings that name it and that redeploying mints a new principal. Microsoft bars its agent user accounts from privileged admin roles. Someone has to own that.
- 04Google's CC is the own-account pattern with a share gate on top.CC has its own verified Google Account and its own cloud computer, and each household member decides what to share with it. The mailbox is never handed over wholesale.
01 — The findingThe finding: 11 as themselves, 9 as you
Sort the 20 rows by identity and a pattern falls out. The platforms that host agents for enterprises give the agent a principal, among them Google Cloud's Agent Identity, Microsoft's Entra Agent ID and the agent user account that hangs off it, AWS's AgentCore workload identity, GitHub's Copilot cloud agent, Cloudflare's scoped tokens, Slack's bot users, OpenAI's Codex service accounts, and Google's CC. The assistants people use at a desk act on the person's own credentials: ChatGPT's apps and agent mode, Claude's connectors, Claude Code and Claude in Chrome, the interactive Codex cloud, Cursor's cloud agents, Workspace Gemini and Perplexity's Comet.
Two consequences follow, and both are stated by the vendors rather than inferred by us. First, a borrowed login inherits the person's whole reach and outlives the task: OpenAI's help centre says app permissions do not grant an app new access, because the reach was set when the person connected the app, and that agent-mode cookies persist across sessions like a normal browser. Nothing in the agent layer narrows it, and the way to revoke it is the person's way. That is the shape of the incident we covered in our post on a hijacked assistant login. Second, an own-account agent can be scoped and revoked on its own, but the binding is work: Google's documentation warns that deleting an agent does not remove the IAM bindings that reference it and that a redeployed agent gets a new principal, so governance moves from the person's account to a lifecycle the organisation now has to run.
Agent identities enable agents to authenticate as themselves rather than impersonating users, supporting delegation-based access patterns.AWS, Bedrock AgentCore Identity terminology documentation, read September 22, 2026
02 — The censusTable 1: whose identity, and where it runs
"Its own" means the vendor describes a distinct principal for the agent. "The user's" means the agent presents a credential that belongs to a person. A row marked "undated" rests on a living documentation page that prints no date, so the row states the design and nothing that could have changed: no version, price, count or rollout state. The Cloudflare and Google CC rows and the court row are dated documents.
| Product or agent | Identity it acts under | Where it runs | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Google CC (Labs) | Its own: a verified Google Account for the CC | Its own isolated cloud computer on Google's Antigravity harness | blog.google, Sep 17, 2026 |
| Google Gemini Enterprise Agent Platform / Vertex AI Agent Engine | Its own: an Agent Identity; an end-user token only when acting for a person | Google Cloud agent-hosting resource | Google Cloud docs, undated |
| Google Workspace Gemini (side panel, Gems) | The user's Workspace account | Inside the user's Workspace tenant | Google Workspace help, undated |
| Microsoft Entra Agent ID, agent identity | Its own: an agent identity created from a blueprint | Microsoft and non-Microsoft platforms | Microsoft Learn, undated |
| Microsoft Entra Agent ID, agent's user account | Its own, user-shaped: a user subtype whose tokens carry a user claim | Microsoft 365, provisioned via Agent 365 | Microsoft Learn, undated |
| Microsoft Copilot Studio agents | Its own: an Entra Agent ID created for each agent | Copilot Studio's standard harness | Microsoft Learn, undated |
| Microsoft Agent 365 | Its own: registered in the Agent 365 registry | Microsoft 365 services | Microsoft Learn, undated |
| AWS Bedrock AgentCore Identity | Its own: a workload identity with agent attributes; user-delegated flow when acting for a person | AgentCore Runtime, self-hosted or hybrid | AWS docs, undated |
| GitHub Copilot cloud agent | Its own: a GitHub App identity; commits authored by Copilot | Ephemeral environment on GitHub Actions | GitHub Docs, undated |
| OpenAI Codex cloud (interactive) | The user's ChatGPT account and the user's GitHub or GitLab grant | OpenAI cloud environment | OpenAI developer docs, undated |
| OpenAI Codex service accounts | Its own: a non-human ChatGPT workspace identity | CI runners, scheduled jobs, shared integrations | OpenAI developer docs, undated |
| OpenAI ChatGPT apps and connectors | The user's: an OAuth grant on the user's provider account | ChatGPT, inside the workspace | OpenAI help centre, undated |
| OpenAI ChatGPT agent mode | The user's: the user's own site logins in a cloud browser | OpenAI-hosted virtual browser | OpenAI help centre, undated |
| Anthropic Claude connectors (remote MCP) | The user's: an OAuth grant on the user's provider account | Claude apps | Claude help centre, undated |
| Anthropic Claude Code | The user's: the developer's Claude login, API key or federated credential | The developer's machine, CI or a cloud session | Claude Code docs, undated |
| Anthropic Claude in Chrome | The user's: the user's signed-in Chrome session | The user's browser | Claude help centre, undated |
| Cloudflare Workers (agent access) | Its own: an account-owned API token scoped to named Workers | Cloudflare account resources | Cloudflare changelog, Sep 15, 2026 |
| Perplexity Comet Assistant | The user's: the user's own browser session; the court held that the user is the one who accesses the site | Locally, on the user's machine | Ninth Circuit opinion, Aug 4, 2026 |
| Slack apps and agents (bot tokens) | Its own: a bot user tied to the app, not to a person | Slack workspace | Slack API docs, undated |
| Cursor cloud agents | The user's: the user's read-write repository-provider grant | Isolated cloud VM | Cursor docs, undated |
03 — The controlsTable 2: scoping, revocation, notes
The same 20 rows in the same order, this time on the questions an IT lead asks before connecting anything: how a member or admin narrows what the agent can reach, and what revoking it actually involves.
| Product or agent | How access is scoped | Revocation path | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Google CC | Each member chooses what to share: chosen senders auto-copied, one-off sends, shared Drive files, a Calendar | Change what you share at any time | US only, 18+, personal accounts, waitlist; up to six members |
| Google Agent Identity | IAM allow policies on the agent's principal identifier | Remove IAM bindings by hand; deleting the agent does not remove them | Redeploying mints a new principal; old bindings become inactive grants |
| Google Workspace Gemini | Admin console toggles per organisational unit; end-user controls | Admin turns the feature off | Inherits the user's existing Workspace permissions |
| Entra agent identity | Blueprint templates, Conditional Access, identity governance | Lifecycle management in Entra and the Agent 365 registry | Agent 365 extends Entra security features to agents |
| Entra agent's user account | Entra groups, administrative units, licences; cannot hold privileged admin roles | An admin deletes the account when no longer needed | Cannot sign in interactively; holds no password or passkey |
| Copilot Studio agents | Connector permissions appear as API permissions on the agent's identity; targetable by Conditional Access | Entra lifecycle; Power Platform admin centre | Connector scopes revalidated at runtime against data policies |
| Agent 365 | Agent registry and map; Purview data-loss prevention; Defender | Registry-driven lifecycle management | Licensed per user |
| AWS AgentCore Identity | Agent identity directory; token vault; machine-to-machine or user-delegated flows | Revoke at the credential provider; the vault binds a credential to one agent and user pair | The agent's access token carries both the workload and the user identity |
| GitHub Copilot cloud agent | Write access needed to trigger; pushes to a single branch; no org or repo Actions secrets beyond the copilot environment; firewall on by default | Remove the agent's repository access; rulesets can block it | An extra approval is required when the PR is under the agent's own identity |
| Codex cloud (interactive) | The user picks which repositories Codex can reach at connect time | Disconnect the provider grant, or revoke it in GitHub or GitLab | Reach is the user's grant plus the environment's secrets |
| Codex service accounts | Own plugins, roles and groups, none inherited from the creator; token expiry set at creation | Disable or delete the account; expire the token | Owners and admins only; pay-as-you-go plans only |
| ChatGPT apps and connectors | Per-app settings decide when ChatGPT asks, not what it can reach; admins can disable an app | User disconnects in Settings; admin disables in workspace settings | All app calls are logged to OpenAI's compliance-log platform |
| ChatGPT agent mode | Enable only the apps a task needs; take over the browser for logins; confirmations for high-impact actions | Sign out of the sites; clear cookies in ChatGPT's data controls | Cookies persist between sessions, so reach outlives the task |
| Claude connectors (remote MCP) | OAuth scopes granted at connect; org-wide authorisation for Team and Enterprise owners | Disconnect in Claude settings, or revoke at the third-party service | Admins can disable specific connector tool calls |
| Claude Code | Managed settings can pin the login method and the organisation | Logging out removes and revokes the credential that sign-in wrote | An environment API key bypasses org pinning and is blocked at startup when pinning is on |
| Claude in Chrome | Permission modes; the side panel defaults to automatic approval with safety review and pauses | Remove the extension's site permissions; end the session | Anthropic's own documentation calls it still risky |
| Cloudflare Workers | Account-owned token scoped to named Workers with one of four roles | Delete or re-scope the token; change the policy | Durable Objects inherit the Worker's role |
| Perplexity Comet Assistant | Whatever the user's browser session already reaches | Log out of the site; stop the Assistant | On the court's record, the site could not tell agent from human without a distinguishing user-agent string |
| Slack bot users | Granular bot scopes per app; workflow tokens are a narrower subset | Uninstall the app from the workspace | A bot user stays installed even when the installing user is deactivated |
| Cursor cloud agents | Repository grant, secrets, outbound-domain restrictions, private networking | Revoke the provider grant | Docs require a read-write grant and state no separate agent principal |
On August 4, 2026 the Ninth Circuit, in Amazon v. Perplexity, No. 26-1444, held on that record that it is the user, not Perplexity, who accesses Amazon's computers when the Comet Assistant acts in the user's own browser, and that the disputed signal was Perplexity's choice not to send a user-agent string identifying the agent. It is a row here because it is the only source in the census that states, with legal consequences, what "acting as the user" means. We could not read Perplexity's own documentation, so the row rests on the court's description of the record.
04 — The seedGoogle's CC: the own-account pattern in full
Google Labs' announcement of September 17 describes CC, a family agent for households of up to six people, and its design is the cleanest example of the first pattern. CC has its own verified Google Account, which is how it appears when it interacts with the group. It runs on its own isolated cloud computer, on Google's Antigravity harness with Gemini models. And it does not get the household's data by default: each member decides what to share, by auto-copying chosen senders, sending things one at a time, sharing particular Drive files or adding CC to a calendar. It is US-only, for adults with personal accounts, on a waitlist.
Three design choices are worth copying whatever platform you use. The agent has a name of its own on every message, so attribution is never in doubt. The agent's reach is the sum of explicit shares rather than the sum of a person's permissions. And the agent runs somewhere the person's browser and session cannot leak into. Compare that with an assistant that logs into your mailbox as you: it can see everything you can, it acts under your name, and the only way to stop it is to change your own password or disconnect it. Our post on who saves each part of a managed agent's task covers the runtime side of that separation.
05 — The decisionWhich pattern for which job
Neither pattern is safe or unsafe on its own, and this census ranks nothing. The right question is what the agent needs to reach, and which rows above show a design that fits.
Cloudflare's September 15 change, which lets an account issue a token scoped to specified Workers with one of four roles, is the newest example of the third case, and its August 5 essay on agent access puts the principle in one line: "A boundary you can talk your way past is not a boundary." The credential side of running that lifecycle is in our agent identity playbook; what people are willing to grant agents, by survey, is in our access-permissions statistics post; and the evidence an agent should leave behind under either pattern is the subject of our post on the Proof-of-Control draft. If you are deciding which agents to connect to company accounts, our AI transformation service starts with exactly this table for your stack.
06 — How we built itMethodology
A census of what vendors say about their own products, not a test of any of them and not a ranking.
- Population
- Named AI products and agent platforms from vendors whose documentation the blog's link policy allows: Google, Microsoft, AWS, OpenAI, Anthropic, GitHub, Cloudflare, Slack and Cursor, plus one published federal appellate opinion. Commercial platforms outside that list, including Salesforce's agent users, Zapier's agents, and the agent-identity features of Okta and Auth0, are named here and not tabulated because no first-party page was verified.
- Inclusion rule
- A row needs a first-party page that states, in the vendor's own words, which principal the agent presents when it touches a system. Press coverage is not a source for any row. Cloudflare's Agent Access Model, an August 5 architecture essay, governs either pattern and is cited in prose rather than tabulated.
- Classification rule
- "Its own" means the documentation describes a distinct principal for the agent: an account, an app identity, a workload identity, a bot user or a token issued to the agent. "The user's" means the agent presents a credential belonging to a person: their OAuth grant, session cookie or API key. Where a platform supports both, the row states the default and notes the delegated flow.
- Dates
- A row's date is the publication date of the dated document it cites. Where the only source is an undated documentation page, the row is marked undated and prints only the design fact, never a version, price, count or rollout state.
- What was excluded
- Devin and Meta's Muse (no first-party identity documentation reachable). Microsoft 365 Copilot as an assistant (no page found stating the identity it acts under, as distinct from Copilot Studio agents). Perplexity's own Comet documentation (the site refused automated reads; the row rests on the court's recitation). A reported petition for rehearing in the Amazon case (not confirmed on the docket). Rankings and "safest agent" claims.
- As-of date
- This page belongs to the September 19, 2026 batch; its sources were collected on September 22, 2026. No document published after September 19, 2026 is used; undated pages could have changed between those dates, which is why the rows print design facts only.
- Known limitations
- Every row describes a design as its vendor documents it, not as tested. Undated pages carry no publication date. This blog runs on Anthropic's models; Anthropic's three rows are classified by the same rule as everyone else's.
- Refresh
- Extended when a vendor publishes documentation that changes the principal an agent acts under, or a new agent platform ships with an identity statement.
07 — Next stepThe name on the action decides who can stop it
Write down which pattern each connected agent uses, then fix the mismatches
For every agent your company has connected, answer one question from its own documentation: does it act as itself or as a person? Then check the job against the router above. An agent on a borrowed login that touches production, or a shared resource, is a mismatch to fix this quarter, either by moving it to its own principal or by cutting the grant to what the task needs.